Tutorial Git Add

Introduction

Git classifies your files into three groups:

• tracked, A tracked file is any file already in the repository or any file that is staged in the index. To add a new file somefile to this group, run git add somefile.
• ignored, An ignored file must be explicitly declared invisible or ignored in the repository even though it may be present within your working directory.
• untracked, An untracked file is any file not found in either of the previous two categories.

Init the repo

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> $ git init

1. Initialized empty Git repository in (xx..x)

$ git status

1. On branch master
3. Initial commit
5. nothing to commit (create/copy files and use "git add" to track)

$ echo "New data" > data

$ git status

1. On branch master
3. Initial commit
5. Untracked files:
6. (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
8. data
10. nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)

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Initially, there are no files and the tracked, ignored, and therefore untracked sets are empty.
Once you create data, git status reports a single, untracked file.
Editors and build environments often leave temporary or transient files among your source code.
Such files usually shouldn’t be tracked as source files in a repository.

Ignoring files

To have Git ignore a file within a directory, simply add that file’s name to the special file .gitignore: <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">

1. Manually create an example junk file

$ touch main.o

$git status

1. On branch master
3. Initial commit
5. Untracked files:
6. (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
8. data
9. main.o
11. nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)

$ echo main.o > .gitignore

$ git status

1. On branch master
3. Initial commit
5. Untracked files:
6. (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
8. .gitignore
9. data
11. nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)

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Git Add

The command git add stages a file.
In terms of Git’s file classifications, if a file is untracked, then git add converts that file’s status to tracked.
When git add isused on a directory name, all of the files and subdirectories beneath it are staged recursively. <syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> $ git status

1. On branch master
3. Initial commit
5. Untracked files:
6. (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
7. .gitignore
8. data

1. Track both new files.

$ git add data .gitignore

$ git status

1. On branch master
3. Initial commit
5. Changes to be committed:
6. (use "git rm --cached <file>..." to unstage)
8. new file: .gitignore
9. new file: data

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